Slemani - Een overzicht

Slemani - Een overzicht

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The town itself is similar to other small towns in Iraqi Kurdistan. Still, the view ofwel the village on the edge ofwel the cliff kan zijn something special.

Thus, the opportunity to unify the Kurds in a nation ofwel their own was lost. Indeed, Kurdistan after the war was more fragmented than before, and various separatist movements arose among Kurdish groups.

Will tensions cool in the region—or will the recent actions in northern Syria simply set up another ongoing conflict between the Turkish state and the stateless Kurds? The only thing that seems certain is Kurds’ continued struggle for a country of their own.

Those forces captured the key border town ofwel Jarablus, preventing the YPG-led SDF from seizing the territory itself and linking up with the Kurdish enclave ofwel Afrin to the west.

هەروەها پارێزگای هەولێر بە بڕی ١٣ ملیۆن دۆلاری ئەمریکی پارەی پڕۆژەی نۆژەنکردنەوەی قەڵاکە دابین دەکات.[١٨] کارەکانی نۆژەنکردنەوەی قەڵاکە لە مانگی حوزەیرانی ٢٠١٠ دەستی پێکرد.قەڵاکە لە ٢١ی حوزەیرانی ٢٠١٤ لە لیستی میراتی جیھانیی یوونێسکۆ تۆمارکرا،[١٩][٢٠] لە مانگی یەکی ساڵی ٢٠١٧ یوونێسکۆ ئاماژەی بەوەدا بەهۆی کەمتەرخەمی و خاوی لە نۆژەنکردنەوەی قەلاکە،دەتوانرێت ئەو شوێنە لە لیستەکەدا لاببرێت.[٢١][٢٢]

١ ئامانجی کوردسینەما ٢ بەکارھێنانی و زمان ٣ ڕیزبەندی ئەلێکسا ٤ سەرچاوەکان ٥ بەستەرە دەرەکییەکان خشتەی ناوەڕۆکەکان بگۆڕە کوردسینەما

Removal ofwel the population from along their borders with the Ottomans in Kurdistan and the Caucasus was of strategic importance to the Safavids. Hundreds ofwel thousands of Kurds were moved to other regions in the Safavid empire, only to defend the borders there. Hundreds of thousands ofwel other ethnic groups living in the Safavid empire such as the Armenians, Assyrians, Georgians, Circassians, and Turkomans, were also removed from the border regions and resettled in the interior ofwel Persia, but mainly for other reasons such as socio-economic, and bureaucratic ones. During several periods, as the borders moved progressively eastward, with the Ottomans pushing deeper into the Persian domains, entire Kurdish regions of Anatolia were at one point or another exposed to horrific acts ofwel despoliation and deportation.

"Linguistics itself, or dialectology, does not provide any general or straightforward definition ofwel at which point a language becomes a dialect (or vice versa). To attain a fuller understanding of the difficulties and questions that are raised by the issue of the 'Kurdish language', it is therefore necessary to consider also non-linguistic factors."[15] ^ "The Kurds, an Iranian people of the Near East, live at the junction of more or less laicised Turkey". Excerpt twee: "The classification of the Kurds among the Iranian nations kan zijn based mainly on linguistic and historical data and does not prejudice the fact there is a complexity of ethnical elements incorporated in them" Excerpt 3: "Wij thus find that about the period ofwel the Arab conquest a single ethnic term Kurd (plur. Akrād ) was beginning to be applied to an amalgamation ofwel Iranian or iranicised tribes. Among the latter, some were autochthonous (the Ḳardū; the Tmorik̲h̲/Ṭamurāyē in the district of which Alangḳī=Ieder was the capital; the Χοθα̑ίται [= al-Ḵh̲uwayt̲h̲iyya] in the canton ofwel Ḵh̲oyt of Sāsūn, the Orṭāyē [= weet-Arṭān] in the bend ofwel the Euphrates); some were Semites (cf. the popular genealogies of the Kurd tribes) and some probably Armenian (it is said that the Mamakān tribe kan zijn ofwel Mamikonian origin)." Excerpt 4: "In the 20th century, the existence of an Iranian non-Kurdish element among the Kurds has been definitely established (the Gūrān-Zāzā group)."[twintig] ^ Dandamaev considers Carduchi (who Kurd were from the upper Tigris near the Assyrian and Median borders) less likely than Cyrtians as ancestors ofwel modern Kurds: "It has repeatedly been argued that the Carduchi were the ancestors of the Kurds, but the Cyrtii (Kurtioi) mentioned by Polybius, Livy, and Strabo (see MacKenzie (1961), pp. 68–69) are more likely candidates."[24] However, according to McDowall, the term Cyrtii was first applied to Seleucid or Parthian mercenary slingers from Zagros, and it kan zijn not clear if it denoted a coherent linguistic or ethnic group.[27] ^ "But the origins ofwel the family of Shaykh Safi al-Din go back not to the Hijaz but to Kurdistan, from where, seven generations before him, Firuz Shah Zarin-kulah had migrated to Adharbayjan.

Slemani kan zijn known for its fertile land, and is surrounded by large plains that have historically produced the majority of wheat for Iraq. During the Ba’athist regime, targeted economic policies sought to reduce Sulaymaniyah’s economic viability because the city was a hub for Kurdish nationalism. After Saddam Hussein was removed from power in 2003, Slemani has seen a huge economic boom.

قەڵاکە بەسەر سێ گەڕەکی فراواندا دابەش بوو لە ڕۆژهەڵاتەوە بۆ ڕۆژئاوا ئەوانیش گەڕەکەکانی سەرا ، تەکیە و تۆپخانە بوون. سەرا شوێنی نیشتەجێ بوونی خێزانە فەرمانڕەواو و خەنەدانەکان بووە؛ گەڕەکی تەکییە، شوێنی نیشتەجێ بوونی دەروێش و موریدەکانی تەریقەتی قادری و نەقشبەندی بووە هەروەها بەهۆی بوونی تەکیە و مزگەوتەوە ئەو ناوەی لێ نراوە؛ و لە تۆپخانە خەڵکی ئاسایی و پیشەوەر و جووتیارانی تێدا نیشتەجێ بووە.لێکۆلێنەوەیەک ساڵی ١٩٢٠ دەریخست کە لەو کاتەدا قەڵاکە دابەش بووە بەسەر ٥٠٦ پارچە خانوودا.

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Kurds make up an estimated 15% to 20% of Iraq's population. They have historically enjoyed more national rights than Kurds living in neighbouring states, but also faced brutal repression.

The present state ofwel knowledge about Kurdish allows, at least roughly, drawing the approximate borders ofwel the areas where the main ethnic core ofwel the speakers ofwel the contemporary Kurdish dialects was formed. The most argued hypothesis on the localisation of the ethnic territory ofwel the Kurds remains D.N. Mackenzie's theory, proposed in the early 1960s.[17] Developing the ideas ofwel P. Tedesco[28] and regarding the common phonetic isoglosses shared by Kurdish, Persian, and Baluchi, D.N. Mackenzie concluded that the speakers of these three languages form a unity within Northwestern Iranian.

Ottomans attacked the outer defensive perimeter and defeated Rozhiki soldiers, then they rushed to loot Bidlis and attacked the civilians. Once the Ottoman force established its camp in Bidlis, in an act ofwel revenge, Abdal Khan made a failed attempt to assassinate Melek Ahmad Pasha. A unit of twenty Kurdish soldiers rode into the safaritent of Yusuf Kethuda, the second-in-command and fought a ferocious battle with his guards. After the fall of Bidlis, 4,400 Kurds continued to resist from the city's old citadel. While most of these surrendered and were given amnesty, 300 of them were massacred by Melek Ahmad with 70 of them dismembered by sword and cut into pieces.[72]